負(fù)壓稀相氣力輸送系統(tǒng)主要采用負(fù)壓羅茨真空泵作為動(dòng)力源，管道輸送壓力為低真空狀態(tài)，管道風(fēng)速約10-35米/秒,物料在管道內(nèi)呈霧狀。負(fù)壓輸送起點(diǎn)壓力等于或接近大氣壓，終點(diǎn)壓力在-10到-50Kpa之間，管道真空度沿氣力輸送管道逐漸增高。

　　The negative pressure dilute phase pneumatic conveying system mainly uses a negative pressure Roots vacuum pump as the power source. The pipeline conveying pressure is in a low vacuum state, and the pipeline wind speed is about 10-35 meters per second. The material is in a misty state inside the pipeline. The starting pressure of negative pressure conveying is equal to or close to atmospheric pressure, and the ending pressure is between -10 and -50Kpa. The vacuum degree of the pipeline gradually increases along the pneumatic conveying pipeline.

　　負(fù)壓稀相氣力輸送系統(tǒng)主要由：氣力輸送風(fēng)機(jī)、取料裝置、管道、緩沖倉(cāng)、除塵器、卸料裝置、等構(gòu)成。

　　The negative pressure dilute phase pneumatic conveying system mainly consists of: pneumatic conveying fan, material retrieval device, pipeline, buffer bin, dust collector, unloading device, etc.

　　負(fù)壓稀相氣力輸送系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)：

　　Characteristics of negative pressure dilute phase pneumatic conveying system:

　　1.輸送壓力低于環(huán)境壓力，即使管道破損也不會(huì)使物料泄漏而對(duì)環(huán)境造成污染；設(shè)備的制造、維護(hù)要求低，工人操作簡(jiǎn)單；

　　1. The conveying pressure is lower than the ambient pressure, and even if the pipeline is damaged, it will not cause material leakage and pollution to the environment; The manufacturing and maintenance requirements of the equipment are low, and the worker operation is simple;

　　2.輸送氣體（一般為空氣）直接取自大氣，氣體的溫度即為環(huán)境溫度，對(duì)熱敏性物料尤為適宜；輸送為連續(xù)式、亦可間斷，管道內(nèi)無(wú)物料積存；

　　2. The transported gas (usually air) is directly taken from the atmosphere, and the temperature of the gas is the ambient temperature, which is particularly suitable for thermosensitive materials; The transportation is continuous or intermittent, and there is no material accumulation in the pipeline;

　　3.可實(shí)現(xiàn)多點(diǎn)進(jìn)料，多點(diǎn)卸料；氣體動(dòng)力源一般為離心抽風(fēng)機(jī)、羅茨真空泵、真空泵，使用壽命長(zhǎng)；對(duì)輸送物料的適應(yīng)強(qiáng)，粉料、顆粒料均可順利輸送，環(huán)境污染小。

　　3. It can achieve multi-point feeding and multi-point unloading; Gas power sources are generally centrifugal fans, Roots vacuum pumps, and vacuum pumps, which have a long service life; Strong adaptability to conveying materials, both powder and granular materials can be transported smoothly, with minimal environmental pollution.

　　負(fù)壓氣力輸送適合輸送以下類型的物料：

　　Negative pressure pneumatic conveying is suitable for conveying the following types of materials:

　　粉狀物料：如面粉、水泥、粉煤灰、滑石粉、藥粉等。這類物料流動(dòng)性好，但易揚(yáng)塵，負(fù)壓輸送可有效減少粉塵外泄，保持環(huán)境清潔。

　　Powdered materials: such as flour, cement, fly ash, talcum powder, medicinal powder, etc. This type of material has good fluidity, but is prone to dust. Negative pressure conveying can effectively reduce dust leakage and maintain environmental cleanliness.

　　顆粒狀物料：如塑料顆粒、糧食（小麥、大豆、玉米）、化肥、鹽、糖等。需注意顆粒的硬度和磨損性，避免管道磨損。

　　Granular materials: such as plastic pellets, grains (wheat, soybeans, corn), fertilizers, salt, sugar, etc. Attention should be paid to the hardness and wear resistance of particles to avoid pipeline wear.

　　輕質(zhì)物料：如泡沫顆粒、羽絨等。負(fù)壓輸送可利用較低的氣流速度實(shí)現(xiàn)輸送，減少對(duì)物料的損傷。

　　Light materials: such as foam particles, down, etc. Negative pressure conveying can utilize lower airflow velocity to achieve conveying and reduce damage to materials.

　　有毒、易燃易爆物料：如化工粉末、金屬粉末等。負(fù)壓輸送系統(tǒng)密閉性好，可降低物料泄漏風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，提高安全性。

　　Toxic, flammable and explosive materials: such as chemical powders, metal powders, etc. The negative pressure conveying system has good airtightness, which can reduce the risk of material leakage and improve safety.

　　高附加值物料：如鋰電池材料、納米材料等。負(fù)壓輸送可減少物料與外界環(huán)境的接觸，保護(hù)物料品質(zhì)。

　　High value-added materials: such as lithium battery materials, nanomaterials, etc. Negative pressure conveying can reduce the contact between materials and the external environment, protecting the quality of materials.

　　不適合負(fù)壓氣力輸送的物料：

　　Materials not suitable for negative pressure pneumatic conveying:

　　高濕度或粘性物料：如濕污泥、黏土、糖漿等。這類物料易結(jié)塊，可能導(dǎo)致管道堵塞。

　　High humidity or viscous materials: such as wet sludge, clay, syrup, etc. This type of material is prone to clumping, which may cause pipeline blockage.

　　易碎或熱敏性物料：如膨化食品、脆性晶體、某些藥品等。負(fù)壓輸送的氣流可能對(duì)這類物料造成破碎或變性。

　　Fragile or heat sensitive materials: such as puffed foods, brittle crystals, certain drugs, etc. The airflow of negative pressure conveying may cause breakage or denaturation of such materials.

　　超大或超重顆粒：如直徑大于50mm的礦石塊等。此類物料不適合氣力輸送，需采用機(jī)械輸送方式。

　　Oversized or overweight particles: such as ore blocks with a diameter greater than 50mm. This type of material is not suitable for pneumatic conveying and requires mechanical conveying.

　　注意事項(xiàng)：實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，需根據(jù)物料特性（如粒徑、濕度、流動(dòng)性）和輸送需求（距離、流量）選擇合適的輸送方式。對(duì)于特殊物料，建議進(jìn)行物料試驗(yàn)，以確保系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的準(zhǔn)確性。

　　Attention: In practical applications, it is necessary to choose the appropriate conveying method based on the material characteristics (such as particle size, humidity, fluidity) and conveying requirements (distance, flow rate). For special materials, it is recommended to conduct material testing to ensure the accuracy of system design.

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